What are the main items checked during a four-dimensional ultrasound?

The four-dimensional (4D) examination, also known as four-dimensional medical color ultrasound imaging technology, is primarily used to assess fetal growth and development within the uterus and is one of the essential prenatal examinations. Its main components include: 1. **Fetal Head Examination**: Evaluates the integrity of the skull ring, measures the biparietal diameter and head circumference, and examines interocular distance, nasal bone length, and lip development to detect abnormalities such as anencephaly and hydrocephalus. 2. **Fetal Spine and Limbs Examination**: Observes the alignment of the spine and the development of skeletal structures to identify abnormalities such as spina bifida and limb deformities. 3. **Fetal Heart Examination**: Assesses the size and shape of the heart to detect cardiac abnormalities such as ventricular septal defect and atrial septal defect. 4. **Fetal Thoracic and Abdominal Examination**: Measures the abdominal circumference and evaluates the development of organs including the liver, spleen, gallbladder, pancreas, kidneys, bladder, and stomach to identify congenital anomalies. 5. **Placental and Umbilical Cord Examination**: Examines the position, maturity, and blood flow of the placenta to assess for conditions such as placental abruption and placenta previa. Also observes whether the umbilical cord is wrapped around the neck and evaluates umbilical blood flow. If you have any concerns, please consult your healthcare provider.