What are the causes of pulmonary bullae?

The causes of pulmonary bullae formation are complex and varied, mainly including: 1. Disease factors: such as emphysema, pneumonia, pulmonary tuberculosis, bronchiectasis, and asthma. These diseases may lead to increased pressure within the alveolar cavity, alveolar wall rupture, and subsequent merging, resulting in air-filled cystic spaces within the lung tissue. 2. Congenital factors: related to abnormal embryonic development, such as underdevelopment of alveoli, leading to the formation of pulmonary bullae. 3. Environmental factors: long-term exposure to air pollution, occupational dust, and chemicals (such as smoke and industrial exhaust), as well as long-term smoking, may damage the lungs and subsequently trigger pulmonary bullae. 4. Infections: infections caused by pathogens such as viruses, bacteria, and mycoplasma may induce or exacerbate pulmonary bullae.