What causes mumps?

The main causes of parotitis include the following: 1. Infectious factors: - Bacterial infections, commonly caused by Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus, and others, leading to acute suppurative parotitis. - Viral infections, such as mumps virus, Coxsackievirus, and others. Particularly, mumps virus causes epidemic parotitis, which is contagious. 2. Immunological factors: - Autoimmune diseases, such as Sjögren's syndrome, Mikulicz's disease, can cause chronic parotitis. 3. Obstructive factors: - Blockage of the parotid duct, such as due to salivary stones or mucus plugs, can secondarily lead to bacterial infection and trigger parotitis. 4. Other factors: - Inflammatory swelling of unknown cause, which may be related to fatigue, mental stress, diet, and other factors.