What are the risks of bone marrow transplantation?
I have seen on TV that some people choose bone marrow transplantation to prolong their lives. I would like to know, what are the risks associated with bone marrow transplantation?
Doctor's answer (1)
Bone marrow transplantation, also known as hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, involves the following risks:
1. Infection: Various types of infections may easily occur, such as respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, and skin and soft tissue infections.
2. Bleeding: During the bone marrow transplantation process, large amounts of whole blood or red blood cell suspensions are required to replenish the patient's blood volume, which may lead to a hypercoagulable state and increase the risk of bleeding.
3. Graft-versus-host disease: This refers to a condition in which T lymphocytes from the donor's bone marrow attack the recipient's normal cells. This disease can cause various symptoms, including fever, rash, diarrhea, and enlargement of the liver and spleen.
4. Adverse effects of immunosuppressive agents: To prevent rejection, doctors usually administer immunosuppressive drugs to patients. However, these medications may also cause side effects such as nausea, vomiting, hair loss, and oral ulcers.
5. Long-term complications: Long-term complications after bone marrow transplantation may also include cardiovascular diseases, neurological disorders, and kidney diseases.
