What is pruritus?

Pruritus, also known as wind rash or itch wind, is a skin disorder characterized primarily by itching without primary skin lesions. Its features include paroxysmal itching, often followed by secondary skin changes such as scratch marks, blood crusts, pigmentation, and lichenification after scratching. Based on the distribution and location of the itching, pruritus can be classified into generalized and localized types. Generalized pruritus commonly occurs as an accompanying or initial symptom of various systemic diseases, such as uremia, primary biliary cirrhosis, and diabetes mellitus. Localized pruritus typically affects specific areas such as the genital region and perianal area. The causes of pruritus are complex, including internal factors such as systemic diseases and neuro-psychological factors, as well as external factors such as physical, chemical, dietary, and drug-related irritants. Treatment should consider the underlying causes and employ targeted interventions.