What are adrenal glucocorticoids?

Glucocorticoids are important hormones synthesized and secreted by the adrenal cortex's zona fasciculata, and belong to the class of steroid compounds. These hormones have various physiological and pharmacological effects in the human body, primarily including the regulation of carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism, promotion of elevated blood glucose levels, protein breakdown, and redistribution of fat. Additionally, glucocorticoids have potent anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, immunosuppressive, and anti-rheumatic effects, capable of counteracting inflammation caused by various factors, suppressing immune responses, and playing a significant role in the treatment of immune-mediated connective tissue diseases. Improper use of glucocorticoids may lead to relatively severe adverse reactions. Therefore, their use should follow the guidance of a physician to ensure safety and effectiveness.