At 31 weeks of gestation, the four-dimensional ultrasound shows slightly enlarged kidneys with increased renal parenchymal echogenicity. Is there any impact?

During a four-dimensional ultrasound examination in pregnancy, if the fetal kidneys are found to be slightly enlarged with increased renal parenchymal echogenicity, this may indicate a condition known as fetal hydronephrosis. Fetal hydronephrosis refers to the accumulation of urine within the kidneys, leading to dilation of the renal pelvis or ureter. Increased echogenicity may indicate increased density of kidney tissue, although further evaluation is required. Mild hydronephrosis may resolve spontaneously after birth, but severe or persistent dilation may affect kidney function and requires close monitoring. Doctors may recommend regular ultrasound examinations to monitor changes in the kidneys and may arrange further postnatal evaluations, such as urinalysis, blood tests, or renal function tests. In cases of severe hydronephrosis, consultation with a pediatric urologist may be necessary to discuss potential treatment options, such as surgery to correct ureteral obstruction. The specific prognosis and management strategy should be determined by a physician based on detailed diagnostic findings.