What is lower limb edema?

Lower limb edema, often referred to as peripheral edema, is a condition characterized by an increase in the volume of the lower limbs due to fluid leakage from blood vessels into the surrounding tissue spaces. This condition may be caused by various factors, including but not limited to impaired venous return, heart disease, kidney disease, varicose veins, lymphatic system disorders, medication side effects, and prolonged standing or sitting.

Lower limb edema typically presents as pitting edema around the ankles, where pressing on the swollen area leaves an indentation. In severe cases, the swelling can extend to the calves, thighs, and even the groin region, potentially affecting mobility and quality of life. Common symptoms also include tightness of the skin, a feeling of fullness or heaviness in the legs, and weight gain, which may be associated with impaired blood circulation or abnormal fluid metabolism. If you experience any of these symptoms, seek medical attention promptly.

To determine the underlying cause of lower limb edema, doctors may recommend tests such as echocardiography and lower limb vascular ultrasound. Based on the patient's specific condition, an individualized treatment plan will be developed, potentially involving pharmacological therapy, physical therapy, lifestyle modifications, and other management strategies.