What are the characteristics of cardiac function in children and adolescents, respectively?
Recently, I heard that the cardiac functions of children and adolescents are different. Could you please explain the characteristics of cardiac function in children and adolescents, respectively?
Doctor's answer (1)
The characteristics of cardiac function in children and adolescents are mainly reflected in the following aspects:
1. Rapid heart rate: Children generally have a faster heart rate, which is due to their vigorous metabolism and the increased demand for blood supply by body tissues. For example, the heart rate of newborns can be as high as 130 beats per minute. The heart rate gradually slows down in adolescence, approaching adult levels.
2. Heart size: The hearts of children and adolescents are relatively larger in proportion to their body size compared to those of adults. As they age, heart size gradually increases until reaching a stable state in adulthood.
3. Lower cardiac output: Due to immature myocardial cells, children have thinner ventricular walls and weaker myocardial contractility, resulting in a lower stroke volume.
4. Blood pressure: Blood pressure in children and adolescents is generally lower than that of adults. This is because their vascular system is still developing, with more flexible vessel walls and lower resistance.
5. Cardiorespiratory adaptability: The cardiorespiratory system of children and adolescents demonstrates strong adaptability to physical activity, enabling rapid adjustment to high-intensity exercise. This capacity gradually diminishes with age.
