What is spring catarrhal conjunctivitis?
My eyes have been extremely itchy lately, and I've also been experiencing photophobia and tearing. After visiting the hospital for an examination, the doctor diagnosed me with vernal catarrhal conjunctivitis. What exactly is this condition?
Doctor's answer (1)
Spring catarrhal conjunctivitis, commonly referred to as vernal keratoconjunctivitis or vernal allergic conjunctivitis, is a seasonal allergic eye reaction. This condition primarily occurs during spring and is associated with increased levels of allergens such as pollen and dust mites. It appears more frequently in children and young adults, particularly affecting males. The main features of this disease include intense itching in both eyes, a burning sensation, photophobia, tearing, and it is generally non-contagious.
Spring catarrhal conjunctivitis results from an IgE-mediated immune response of the body to specific allergens, causing the release of inflammatory mediators such as histamine in ocular tissues, thereby triggering ocular inflammation. Diagnosis mainly relies on the typical presentation in young males, seasonal recurrence, intense itching, and findings such as numerous eosinophils and scattered eosinophilic nodules in conjunctival secretions.
Treatment typically involves the use of antihistamine medications, corticosteroid eye drops, and cold compresses to relieve symptoms. Patients are also advised to avoid known allergens to reduce disease flare-ups.
