The most effective method for treating gout

Gout is a metabolic disease caused by hyperuricemia, characterized by acute attacks of arthritis and chronic joint disease. The goals of gout treatment are to relieve symptoms, prevent recurrence, control hyperuricemia, and prevent the occurrence of complications. The following treatment approaches may be used:

1. Dietary adjustment: Limit intake of high-purine foods, such as meats (especially organ meats), seafood, coffee, and alcohol, to reduce uric acid production. At the same time, increase consumption of low-purine foods such as vegetables, fruits, whole wheat bread, and dairy products.

2. Lifestyle modification: Drinking plenty of water helps promote uric acid excretion; a daily water intake of more than 2000 ml is recommended. Ensure adequate rest and sleep, and avoid excessive fatigue. Quitting smoking and limiting alcohol consumption also help in managing gout.

3. Pharmacological therapy: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are first-line agents for treating acute gout attacks, such as ibuprofen and indomethacin. Colchicine is used for acute gout attacks, especially when NSAIDs are not suitable. Glucocorticoids are used when NSAIDs and colchicine are ineffective or contraindicated.

4. Surgical treatment: If there is significant accumulation of tophi or severe joint damage, surgical intervention may be necessary, such as intra-articular glucocorticoid injections or surgical removal of tophi.