What are the clinical manifestations of collapse?

Prostration, commonly referred to in medicine as shock or circulatory failure, is a condition characterized by acute dysfunction of the circulatory system. It is primarily manifested by a sudden decrease in total systemic blood circulation, insufficient tissue perfusion, disordered cellular metabolism, and impaired organ function. Its clinical presentation is highly variable.

Patients may experience profuse sweating, which could be caused by sympathetic nervous system activation due to hypoglycemia. Additionally, symptoms such as dizziness, generalized weakness, confusion, or even coma are commonly observed. These symptoms are often associated with decreased blood pressure and tissue ischemia with hypoxia.

Due to peripheral vasoconstriction, the skin appears pale and is accompanied by cold sweat, feeling cold to the touch. The patient's respiratory rate increases, with shallow and rapid breathing; in severe cases, respiratory distress may occur. Reduced renal blood flow leads to significantly decreased urine output, or even anuria. Some patients may present gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea and vomiting.

Prostration can be caused by various factors, including blood loss, severe infection, allergic reactions, cardiac problems, among others, and timely medical attention is essential. While awaiting emergency medical assistance, the patient should be laid flat with legs elevated, the airway kept open, and food or fluids should not be administered to avoid worsening the condition.