How is myopia formed?
Disease description:
I am 14 years old and a male. Recently, I have noticed that my vision of distant objects is becoming increasingly blurry. After visiting the hospital for an examination, I was diagnosed with myopia. I would like to know how myopia develops and what is the underlying mechanism.
Doctor's answer (1)
Dr. Wang Shuai
Myopia primarily develops when the eyeball is too long or the refractive system is abnormal, causing light to focus in front of the retina rather than directly on it. This condition is usually associated with the combined effects of genetic and environmental factors. If one or both parents have myopia, their children are at increased risk of developing it. Additionally, prolonged near-eye work, such as reading or using electronic devices, can cause the ciliary muscles of the eye to remain tense, gradually elongating the eye axis and ultimately leading to myopia. Poor eye-use habits, such as inadequate lighting or incorrect posture, can also accelerate the progression of myopia.
To prevent the onset of myopia, it is recommended to develop good eye-use habits and avoid prolonged near-eye work. Maintain proper sitting posture while studying, keeping a distance of 30 to 40 centimeters between the eyes and the book, and ensuring sufficient and soft ambient lighting. Schedule regular outdoor activities each day, as exposure to sunlight and focusing on distant objects can help relax the eye muscles and delay the onset of myopia. Reducing the amount of time spent using electronic devices, especially in dim lighting, can alleviate the burden on the eyes. Regularly monitoring changes in vision and taking timely interventions can effectively protect eye health.
