What happens if you eat too much monosodium glutamate (MSG)?
Do elderly people who prefer strong flavors and often add a lot of monosodium glutamate (MSG) to their cooking risk any health problems from consuming too much MSG?
Doctor's answer (1)
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a commonly used food additive primarily intended to enhance the umami flavor of food. Excessive consumption may lead to nervous system disorders, digestive system problems, metabolic disturbances, and other issues.
1. Nervous System Disorders
Sodium glutamate in MSG, when metabolized, produces large amounts of glutamic acid. When the concentration of glutamic acid in the bloodstream becomes too high, it may cause cerebral blood vessel constriction and result in headaches. If this occurs repeatedly over a long period, it could lead to migraines and potentially other complications.
2. Digestive System Problems
MSG contains a significant amount of sodium. Excessive intake can elevate the body's sodium levels, thereby irritating the gastrointestinal mucosa and causing symptoms such as nausea and vomiting.
3. Metabolic Disturbances
Excessive MSG consumption may increase the concentration of sodium ions in the body, leading to water and sodium retention, which can cause edema, elevated blood pressure, and potentially induce or exacerbate hypertension and other related conditions. Additionally, excessive MSG intake can disrupt the body's electrolyte balance, resulting in metabolic disturbances.
Although moderate use of MSG does not significantly affect health, it is recommended that daily intake should not exceed 6 grams to avoid potential risks associated with long-term excessive consumption. If any adverse symptoms occur, timely medical consultation and targeted treatment are advised.
