What are the early signs of pregnancy?

In the early stages of pregnancy, the body experiences various reactions, mainly involving physiological and psychological aspects.

Physiologically, a typical sign is the cessation of menstruation. If a woman of childbearing age has a regular menstrual cycle and her period is delayed by more than a week after sexual intercourse, pregnancy should be considered. Due to significant hormonal changes in the body, many pregnant women experience nausea and vomiting, known as morning sickness, which is particularly noticeable in the morning or when exposed to irritating odors. The breasts may become tender and swollen, the areola darkens, and Montgomery's tubercles become more prominent, all preparing the body for future breastfeeding. As the uterus gradually enlarges, even while still within the pelvis, it compresses the bladder, causing frequent urination. At the same time, the pregnant woman's metabolism accelerates and energy consumption increases, making her prone to fatigue and sleepiness.

Psychologically, influenced by hormonal fluctuations and the transition to a new role, pregnant women often experience significant emotional changes. They may suddenly feel anxious, sensitive, or excited about the anticipation of new life—all considered normal phenomena. However, if severe discomfort occurs, such as intense vomiting preventing food intake, abdominal pain, or vaginal bleeding, prompt medical attention is necessary to rule out abnormalities.