How to Distinguish Prescription Drugs from Over-the-Counter (OTC) Drugs

The primary distinction between prescription and over-the-counter (OTC) drugs lies in whether a physician’s prescription is required. Prescription drugs may only be dispensed upon a valid prescription issued by a licensed physician and are typically available through hospitals or pharmacies. Unauthorized use of prescription medications may pose serious health risks, including life-threatening consequences. In contrast, OTC drugs are common medications widely available without a prescription—sold at pharmacies, supermarkets, and other retail outlets—and generally carry a lower risk of adverse effects. Additionally, the two categories can be differentiated by markings on the packaging: OTC drugs bear the label “OTC” on their packaging.