How can one prevent myopia?

Myopia is a complex condition resulting from both genetic and environmental factors. Currently, the exact causes of myopia remain controversial, and there is no single, universally effective method to guarantee prevention in all individuals. So, how can one prevent myopia from developing?

How to Prevent Myopia

The eyes are influenced by both innate genetic factors and acquired environmental factors. To prevent myopia, maintain appropriate viewing distances—keep reading materials approximately one foot (30 cm) away from the eyes. Avoid reading or studying in dimly lit environments. Develop the habit of performing eye exercises regularly. Increase outdoor activity appropriately—aim for at least two hours per day. Ensure adequate sleep to allow the eyes sufficient rest. Cultivate healthy visual habits: avoid reading or using mobile phones while lying down, and refrain from reading or using electronic devices on moving buses or while walking. Limit daily screen time on smartphones, computers, and other digital devices to no more than one hour. After approximately 40 minutes of screen use, take a break and gaze into the distance for about 10 minutes. Additionally, incorporate eye-healthy foods into your diet—such as those rich in vitamins A, C, B1, and niacin—while reducing intake of sugary foods.

Ensure at least two hours of outdoor activity daily. Natural sunlight—with its full spectrum and optimal brightness—helps prevent and control myopia progression. Maintain proper posture: avoid slouching over desks while doing homework or lying down to read. Minimize prolonged use of smartphones, computers, iPads, and similar electronic devices. Most importantly, conduct early vision screening. Typically, children around age three can learn to understand standard eye charts; they may also undergo refractive examinations at an ophthalmology clinic and establish a refractive development record.

Consume foods rich in vitamin A. Include ample sources of vitamin C, as well as foods high in vitamin B1 and niacin. Deficiencies in vitamin B1 and niacin may lead to symptoms such as nystagmus and delayed visual development. We hope this information proves helpful.