What is O157 bacteria?

　　O157 is a strain of Escherichia coli (E. coli). Based on antigen-antibody reactions, E. coli is classified into 173 types, with O157 being the 157th identified type. Infection with E. coli O157 typically causes severe abdominal pain and high fever. In serious cases, it may lead to complications such as hemolytic uremic syndrome, which can be life-threatening and requires prompt medical treatment.

　　E. coli is an opportunistic pathogen and normally resides in the human intestinal tract without causing illness. However, certain strains of E. coli can produce toxins that invade intestinal cells, leading to gastrointestinal infection. E. coli O157 is one such strain. After infection, the toxin produced by this bacterium damages the blood vessels in the intestinal mucosa, resulting in diarrhea and intestinal bleeding. Timely treatment is essential and may include medications such as smectite powder or ciprofloxacin tablets, used under a doctor's guidance.

　　In addition, E. coli O157 infections are usually caused by contaminated food. It is important to maintain good dietary hygiene: ensure meat is thoroughly cooked, wash hands before meals and after using the toilet, and practice general cleanliness to prevent E. coli infection.