Why is it necessary to get a tetanus shot, and what happens if you don't?

Tetanus refers to the tetanus vaccine. Receiving the tetanus vaccine is usually intended to prevent or neutralize the toxins produced by Clostridium tetani. Failure to receive the vaccine may lead to tetanus infection. The details are as follows:

The tetanus vaccine is particularly suitable for individuals who are more likely to experience injuries. After vaccination, the body can be stimulated to produce a humoral immune response and develop specific protective immunity. When the body is exposed to Clostridium tetani again, it can quickly recognize the pathogen and initiate an immune response, helping eliminate and suppress the bacteria, thereby preventing disease and reducing symptom severity.

Clostridium tetani is widely present in the natural environment. Since humans lack natural immunity against this pathogen, active immunization through artificial injection of the tetanus vaccine is required. If a person sustains an injury and does not promptly receive the tetanus vaccine, the pathogenic bacteria may enter the body and produce exotoxins with spasmogenic and hemolytic properties, leading to functional changes in the central nervous system.

After receiving the tetanus vaccine, some individuals may experience local reactions such as redness, swelling, pain, or itching at the injection site. These symptoms are generally normal and resolve spontaneously.