What causes the absence of lunulae on the fingers?

The absence of lunulae (the white half-moon shapes) on fingernails may be due to physiological factors, or it could result from pathological conditions such as malnutrition or onychomycosis. The specific causes are analyzed as follows:

I. Physiological Causes

Due to individual differences, some people may be born without visible lunulae, or they may gradually disappear with aging and uneven nutrient absorption. If there are no accompanying physical discomforts, this condition is generally considered normal and does not require special treatment.

II. Pathological Causes

1. Malnutrition

An unbalanced diet leading to insufficient intake of vitamins or trace elements may result in the disappearance of lunulae on the nails. In such cases, nutritional intake should be improved by consuming foods rich in nutrients, such as shrimp, spinach, and kelp. Additionally, under medical guidance, supplements like calcium zinc gluconate oral solution or calcium carbonate tablets may be taken to alleviate the condition.

2. Onychomycosis (Fungal Nail Infection)

Poor hand hygiene may lead to fungal infection, which can affect the nail plate or nail bed. Such infections may cause nail abnormalities and result in the loss of lunulae. Treatment may include antifungal medications such as amorolfine topical solution or terbinafine hydrochloride tablets, used according to a doctor's instructions.

Besides the common causes mentioned above, other factors such as aging, anemia, or hypothyroidism may also contribute. It is recommended to visit a hospital for appropriate medical evaluation and diagnosis.