What is the mechanism of action of voriconazole?

Generally, voriconazole is available in various common formulations such as dry powder for suspension, tablets, and capsules. Its mechanism of action involves inhibiting the cytochrome P450-mediated 14α-sterol demethylation in fungi, thereby suppressing the biosynthesis of ergosterol and exerting antifungal effects. A detailed analysis is as follows:

Voriconazole is a broad-spectrum triazole antifungal agent that exhibits potent antimicrobial and fungicidal activity against fungi including Aspergillus species, Candida species, Actinomycetes, and Fusarium species. It is used to treat severe fungal infections, particularly serious fungal infections in immunocompromised patients, such as oral candidiasis, fungal pneumonia, and fungal enteritis.

It should be noted that some patients may experience allergic reactions after taking voriconazole, manifesting as facial flushing, fever, skin itching, and rashes. Some patients may also develop visual disturbances, such as blurred vision and photophobia. Additionally, long-term use of this medication may lead to elevated levels of serum creatinine, transaminases, and bilirubin. In cases of severe liver or kidney damage, the drug should be discontinued immediately, and medical attention should be sought promptly.

Voriconazole is a prescription medication; self-medication is not recommended, and treatment should strictly follow a physician's instructions. Patients are advised to seek timely medical care when experiencing any discomfort and to undergo standardized treatment under medical supervision, which facilitates recovery.