What causes small flesh-colored bumps on the neck and underarms?

Under normal circumstances, small fleshy growths appearing on the neck or underarms may be caused by skin tags, milia, folliculitis, sebaceous cysts, or filiform warts. If any abnormalities occur, it is recommended to seek timely medical evaluation at a hospital to determine the underlying cause and receive appropriate treatment. Specific analyses are as follows:

1. Skin Tags

Skin tags are benign skin growths commonly found in skin folds such as the armpits and neck, possibly triggered by obesity, skin aging, or genetic factors. They typically cause no pain or itching and appear simply as small protrusions from the skin surface. Treatment options include laser therapy, cryotherapy, or surgical removal. If there are no noticeable discomforts, observation without specific intervention may also be acceptable.

2. Milia

Milia are tiny clusters of trapped skin cells or keratin that form small, firm cysts beneath the skin, often due to individual constitution, dietary habits, or local friction. Usually, no special treatment is required. However, if they affect appearance, treatments such as electrolysis or carbon dioxide laser therapy can be used for removal.

3. Folliculitis

Folliculitis is often caused by bacterial infections, such as *Staphylococcus aureus*. When the skin is damaged or immunity is weakened, bacteria can easily invade hair follicles and trigger an inflammatory response. Symptoms may include redness, pain, and pustule formation. It is recommended to use medications such as erythromycin ointment, clindamycin phosphate gel, or mupirocin ointment under medical supervision.

4. Sebaceous Cysts

Sebaceous cysts develop when sebaceous gland ducts become blocked by dead skin cells, bacteria, or other substances, causing sebum to accumulate beneath the skin. These cysts are more likely to occur in areas with thinner skin, such as the neck and armpits. They are usually painless and asymptomatic, but if infected, they may become red, swollen, and painful. Small cysts may resolve spontaneously, but if infection or enlargement occurs, medical intervention such as incision and drainage or surgical excision is necessary.

5. Filiform Warts

Filiform warts are a type of skin condition caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and are contagious. They appear as thread-like or finger-like projections on the skin surface, with color similar to or slightly darker than surrounding skin. Under medical guidance, topical treatments such as imiquimod cream, podophyllotoxin cream, or recombinant human interferon α2b injection may be used to manage the condition.

It is advisable to maintain good skin hygiene and a balanced diet in daily life, adopt healthy lifestyle habits, ensure sufficient sleep, regulate overall physical condition, and promote general health.