What causes a low number of eosinophils?

Under normal circumstances, a low eosinophil count may be caused by intense physical exercise, stress response, Cushing's syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, or HIV infection. If any discomfort occurs, it is recommended to seek medical attention promptly. The specific analysis is as follows:

1. Intense Physical Exercise

During intense physical activity, the body's stress response increases, leading to elevated levels of hormones such as adrenaline and cortisol. This may suppress the production of eosinophils in the bone marrow, resulting in a temporary decrease in eosinophil count. The eosinophil count typically returns to normal naturally after rest and recovery.

2. Stress Response

When the body is under stress conditions such as cold exposure or hunger, the sympathetic nervous system may become abnormally excited, causing increased secretion of adrenal corticosteroids. This, in turn, can inhibit the release of eosinophils from the bone marrow, leading to a reduced eosinophil count. This reduction is usually temporary and improves once the underlying stress factors are resolved.

3. Cushing's Syndrome

Cushing's syndrome is caused by excessive cortisol levels, which has immunosuppressive effects and may lead to a decreased eosinophil count. It may be accompanied by symptoms such as high blood pressure and muscle weakness. Treatment should be conducted under medical supervision using medications such as nifedipine sustained-release tablets, amlodipine besylate tablets, and levodopa tablets.

4. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Damage to the immune system may trigger systemic lupus erythematosus, which often presents with a low eosinophil count along with symptoms such as rashes and fever. Treatment should follow medical advice and may include medications such as prednisolone acetate tablets, dexamethasone tablets, and cyclosporine soft capsules.

5. HIV Infection

Sexual contact with an individual carrying HIV may lead to HIV infection. The virus attacks the immune system, affecting various immune cells including eosinophils, potentially causing a reduced eosinophil count. Common accompanying symptoms include weight loss and fever. Treatment under medical guidance may involve antiviral medications such as oseltamivir phosphate capsules, antiviral oral solution, and acyclovir tablets.

In daily life, appropriate physical exercise can be beneficial to enhance physical strength and boost immune function.