What Causes Nipple Pain?
Apr 06, 2021
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Yan Ying
Introduction
1. Nipple friction: During physical activities such as running, surfing, or basketball, the nipples may rub against clothing or ill-fitting bras, causing discomfort.
2. Nipple infection: This may be a yeast infection—specifically, a fungal infection of the nipple caused by *Candida albicans*.
3. Hormonal changes: Normal hormonal fluctuations during the menstrual cycle can also cause nipple and breast pain.
The breast consists of structures including the areola and nipple. The nipple is the most superior part of the breast, and some individuals may experience nipple pain. Nipple pain never occurs without cause; thus, when women notice such discomfort, they naturally wish to understand its underlying cause. So, what exactly causes nipple pain? Below, we provide an explanation.
What Causes Nipple Pain?
1. Nipple Friction
Friction is a common cause of nipple pain. During physical activities—such as running, surfing, or basketball—the nipple may rub against clothing or an ill-fitting bra, resulting in discomfort. This friction can lead to pain, stinging sensations, and dryness or cracking of the skin. Individuals particularly sensitive to friction can take preventive measures—for example, applying surgical tape over the nipples during exercise to minimize excessive rubbing.
2. Nipple Infection
Nipples damaged by friction, allergic reactions, or trauma (e.g., fissures or bleeding) carry an increased risk of infection. Breastfeeding may also elevate this risk. A common example is candidiasis—a fungal infection caused by Candida albicans—which presents with burning, stabbing pain that persists even after friction has ceased. Women experiencing burning, stabbing pain immediately after breastfeeding may have this infection, and their infants may also become infected.
3. Hormonal Changes
Normal hormonal fluctuations during the menstrual cycle can also trigger nipple and breast tenderness. These symptoms typically appear several days before menstruation begins. Rising levels of estrogen and progesterone increase fluid retention in the breasts, leading to swelling and discomfort. However, hormone-related pain usually subsides once menstruation starts. If the pain persists for more than a few days, medical evaluation is recommended.
The above outlines the primary causes of nipple pain. We hope this information is helpful to you.
