Why does it smell unpleasant down there after each menstrual period?

Foul odor emanating from the vulva or vagina following menstruation is typically caused by anaerobic bacterial infection. Menstruation results from withdrawal bleeding triggered by declining hormone levels. During menstruation and the peri-menstrual period, hormone levels remain relatively low, thereby reducing the vagina’s natural self-cleansing capacity and increasing susceptibility to bacterial infection. Anaerobic bacteria are the most common culprits responsible for vaginal odor. Common conditions include trichomoniasis and bacterial vaginosis. Aside from differences in vaginal discharge, both conditions frequently cause vulvar pruritus and vaginal odor.

If vaginal odor persists after menstruation, it is advisable to promptly visit a hospital for routine vaginal discharge testing to identify the causative pathogen. Once the specific pathogen is confirmed, appropriate antimicrobial therapy can be selected. For recurrent postmenstrual vaginal odor, it is recommended to administer topical treatment prophylactically for three consecutive menstrual cycles—both before and after each period—to help prevent recurrent inflammation.