What should I do if my urine white blood cell count is elevated?

Normally, urine contains no white blood cells (WBCs); an elevated WBC count in urine is typically a necessary diagnostic criterion for urinary tract infection (UTI). UTIs are classified as either upper or lower urinary tract infections, with the most common causative pathogens including *Escherichia coli*, *Proteus* species, and *Staphylococcus epidermidis*.

Once a UTI is diagnosed, oral antibiotic therapy is required. Commonly prescribed antibiotics include fluoroquinolones—such as levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and norfloxacin. Concurrently, sodium bicarbonate solution may be administered orally; as an alkaline agent, sodium bicarbonate alkalinizes the urine, thereby inhibiting bacterial growth and proliferation. Additionally, traditional Chinese patent medicines that alleviate symptoms such as urinary frequency and urgency—e.g., Sanjin tablets—may be used adjunctively to help relieve symptoms.