What causes a fleshy lump to appear around the anus?

The area where stool is passed—i.e., the anus—may develop fleshy protrusions, which could indicate hemorrhoids, anal papillomas, or rectal polyps. These conditions can be treated with medications or surgical interventions. Below, we explain in detail what causes such fleshy growths around the anus.

What Causes Fleshy Protrusions Around the Anus?

1. Hemorrhoids: Hemorrhoids are a condition caused by venous congestion and swelling in the anal canal and lower rectum. They are generally classified as internal, external, or mixed hemorrhoids. During defecation, patients may experience localized bleeding, pain, and perianal pruritus (itching). Topical application of compound lidocaine ointment can help alleviate local pain, while oral administration of Huaijiao Wan (Sophora Fruit Pills) may be prescribed under medical supervision. In severe cases, rubber band ligation may be required.

2. Anal Papilloma: Anal papilloma is a benign tumor arising from the anal canal, often resulting from chronic irritation by feces or long-standing inflammation. Patients commonly report local pain and perianal pruritus, along with a sensation of incomplete evacuation during bowel movements. Treatment may include oral cefixime capsules under medical guidance, or surgical excision via anal papilloma resection.

3. Rectal Polyp: A rectal polyp is a mucosal lesion characterized by a raised growth on the rectal mucosa. Mild cases may be asymptomatic, but there remains a risk of malignant transformation; therefore, endoscopic polypectomy is recommended.

The above outlines the possible causes of fleshy protrusions around the anus. We hope this information is helpful to you.