What is the SCC test?
Mar 18, 2022
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Qi Zhirong
Introduction
In general, the SCC test is a hematological examination for tumor markers. SCC (squamous cell carcinoma antigen) is a glycoprotein and an antigenic component isolated from cervical squamous cells. However, in addition to malignancies, several non-neoplastic conditions may also cause elevated SCC levels, such as hepatitis, cirrhosis, renal failure, pneumonia, and pulmonary tuberculosis.
Generally, the SCC test is a blood-based tumor marker assay. SCC (squamous cell carcinoma antigen) is a glycoprotein antigen originally isolated from cervical squamous epithelial cells. A detailed analysis follows:
In clinical practice, SCC is primarily used for detecting squamous cell carcinomas, including cervical cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, and head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. Serum SCC levels typically rise when these malignancies are present. The normal reference range for SCC is generally <1.5 µg/L or <1.5 ng/mL—though units may vary slightly depending on the testing laboratory. Elevated SCC levels on testing may suggest an increased risk of the aforementioned cancers. The SCC assay serves as an auxiliary diagnostic tool for squamous cell carcinomas, aiding clinicians in evaluating whether a patient has malignancy. During treatment, serial SCC measurements can reflect therapeutic efficacy: declining SCC levels post-treatment indicate favorable response, whereas persistently rising levels may suggest treatment failure or tumor recurrence.
However, elevated SCC levels may also occur in certain non-neoplastic conditions, such as hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, renal failure, pneumonia, and pulmonary tuberculosis. Therefore, SCC test results must be interpreted in conjunction with the patient’s clinical symptoms, physical findings, and other diagnostic investigations for comprehensive assessment.
