What tests are primarily conducted for hepatitis B?

Hepatitis B is caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV), a double-stranded DNA virus. Common symptoms include nausea and vomiting. Many individuals seek medical evaluation for suspected hepatitis B infection. So, which tests are primarily used to diagnose and monitor hepatitis B?

Key Diagnostic and Monitoring Tests for Hepatitis B

For chronic hepatitis B carriers, routine monitoring typically includes liver function tests, HBV DNA quantification, abdominal color Doppler ultrasound of the liver, and liver elastography—performed every six months. During interferon-based antiviral therapy, complete blood counts and liver function tests should be conducted monthly; HBV DNA levels, quantitative hepatitis B serological markers (“five-item panel”), thyroid function tests, liver elastography, and hepatic ultrasound should be performed every three months; and autoantibody panels for autoimmune hepatitis should be assessed annually.

In patients with cirrhosis, HBV DNA testing, comprehensive biochemical profiling, hepatic ultrasound, and liver elastography should be performed every three months. Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) testing is recommended annually, along with either contrast-enhanced CT or MRI of the liver as clinically indicated. Patients with hepatitis B should maintain regular daily routines: avoid overeating or binge eating; eat meals and sleep at consistent times; consume light, easily digestible, nutritionally balanced meals; combine lean meats with plant-based proteins; avoid fried foods; and strictly abstain from alcohol, tobacco, and spicy or irritating foods.

Fruits—especially pears, bananas, and apples—are generally encouraged. However, patients with jaundice should avoid oranges and carrots. Regular follow-up examinations are essential. Moreover, individuals experiencing symptoms should promptly seek medical evaluation and undergo appropriate diagnostic testing and management under physician guidance. We hope this information is helpful to you!