Can hepatitis A be transmitted through saliva?

Hepatitis A is not easily transmitted through saliva. The hepatitis A virus (HAV) is primarily excreted in the feces of infected individuals; thus, transmission of hepatitis A is also referred to as the gastrointestinal or fecal-oral route. Feces and fecal containers used by hepatitis A patients must be disinfected promptly. However, note that although HAV is not transmitted via saliva, saliva may still contain the virus; therefore, in daily life, sharing eating utensils with hepatitis A patients should be avoided.