What causes blood in urine in women after sexual intercourse?

Blood in urine after intercourse in women may be caused by various factors. First, physiological causes should be ruled out, such as minor trauma to vaginal tissues during sexual activity—especially if intercourse is vigorous—which can lead to swelling of the vaginal walls or rupture of small blood vessels, resulting in bleeding. Bleeding may also signal certain medical conditions, including: 1. Vaginitis or cervicitis: Inflammation can make the cervical surface fragile, making it prone to bleeding after intercourse. 2. Cervical polyps or cervical ectropion: These conditions make blood vessels on the cervix more susceptible to injury. 3. Endometriosis: When endometrial tissue grows outside the uterus, intercourse may stimulate these abnormal sites, causing bleeding. 4. Sexually transmitted infections (STIs): Certain STIs, such as gonorrhea or chlamydia, may cause inflammation of the genital tract and lead to bleeding. To determine the exact cause, prompt medical evaluation is recommended. Additionally, maintaining good personal hygiene and using lubricants during intercourse to reduce friction are preventive measures that can help avoid post-coital bleeding.