What does nerve block mean?

Sep 08, 2022 Source: Cainiu Health

Dr. Yang Jun

Introduction

Nerve block mainly involves the selective use of chemical or physical methods applied around ganglia, nerve roots, plexuses, nerve trunks, and peripheral nerve endings to temporarily or permanently interrupt their conduction function, thereby facilitating the successful completion of surgical procedures. It can also be used for nerve nourishment and the management of various types of pain, helping to relieve conditions such as cervical spondylosis, neck and shoulder pain, lumbar spine disease, and trigeminal neuralgia.

Neural blockade generally refers to a technique of local anesthesia.

In clinical practice, neural blockade primarily involves the use of chemical or physical methods applied around nerve ganglia, nerve roots, plexuses, nerve trunks, or nerve endings to temporarily or permanently interrupt their conduction function. For example, in upper limb surgery, brachial plexus block anesthesia is commonly used, which typically requires injecting local anesthetic near the nerve plexus to numb the entire upper limb—including the forearm, upper arm, and hand—thus facilitating successful surgical procedures. Additionally, this method can also be used for treating nerve inflammation, nourishing nerves, and managing various types of pain, such as cervical spondylosis, neck and shoulder pain, lumbar spine disorders, and trigeminal neuralgia.

Neural blockade usually offers good therapeutic outcomes, with minimal invasiveness, simple operation, and typically does not require hospitalization after treatment. It is generally well accepted by patients and can help dilate local blood vessels, regulate nerve function, and promote local blood circulation.

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Is nerve block anesthesia a type of local anesthesia?

Nerve block anesthesia is divided into local anesthesia and intrathecal anesthesia, with intrathecal anesthesia being a form of partial anesthesia. After anesthesia and surgery, patients should rest in bed and receive lower limb massages to prevent deep vein thrombosis. Closely monitor vital signs such as blood pressure, heart rate, and pulse oxygen saturation to ensure they remain normal. After surgery, patients may increase intake of foods such as milk and eggs, while avoiding spicy and irritating foods.

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Injection technique for inferior alveolar nerve block anesthesia

In general, inferior alveolar nerve block anesthesia is commonly used for surgical extraction of mandibular teeth and usually involves three procedural steps. The specific procedure is as follows: 1. Locate the injection site, which is typically at the intersection 3–4 mm lateral to the pterygomandibular raphe, along the midpoint of the line connecting the upper and lower posterior teeth when the mouth is widely opened. 2. Disinfect the buccal injection area with iodophor.