Why does acute upper respiratory tract infection cause recurrent fever?

Sep 21, 2022 Source: Cainiu Health

Dr. Guo Xiheng

Introduction

The cause of acute upper respiratory tract infection is primarily due to viral or bacterial infections. Therefore, during the course of the illness, if the virus or bacteria are not effectively controlled, recurrent fever may occur. When a patient's body temperature is below 38°C, physical methods can be used to reduce fever, such as alcohol sponge baths, wiping the armpits, groin, palms, and soles with alcohol.

Fever generally refers to elevated body temperature. Upper respiratory tract infection is an umbrella term for acute inflammation of the nasal cavity, pharynx, or larynx. Acute upper respiratory tract infections are usually caused by viral or bacterial infections. Therefore, if the virus or bacteria remains uncontrolled during the course of the illness, recurrent fever may occur. The following measures can be used for treatment:

1. When a patient's body temperature is below 38°C, physical methods can be used to reduce fever, such as alcohol sponge baths, wiping areas like the armpits, groin, palms, and soles with alcohol.

2. If the patient has persistent high fever and physical cooling methods are ineffective, antipyretic medications may be taken under a doctor’s guidance.

3. If high fever persists or recurs frequently, patients should seek medical attention promptly and receive appropriate treatments under medical supervision, such as intramuscular injections, intravenous infusions, or enemas to reduce body temperature.

Patients with acute upper respiratory tract infections accompanied by recurrent fever should pay special attention: during outbreaks of respiratory infectious diseases, they should avoid going to crowded public places as much as possible. Additionally, in damp, cold, or windy weather conditions, outdoor activities should be avoided, and clothing should be adjusted promptly according to temperature changes to prevent re-exposure to cold and worsening of the condition.

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Can you use a fan when you have acute upper respiratory tract infection?

Patients with acute upper respiratory tract infections are advised not to use fans. This is because fan airflow can cause localized drops in indoor temperature, making patients more susceptible to chilling, which may worsen their upper respiratory infection or delay recovery. During the illness, patients should focus on getting adequate rest and maintaining a relaxed mood. It is acceptable to open windows for ventilation, and patients may take medications that enhance resistance and immunity.

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Can acute upper respiratory tract infection heal on its own?

In general, acute upper respiratory tract infections are self-limiting. Most cases of acute upper respiratory tract infection are caused by viral infections, and as long as there are no complications or other underlying illnesses, the body's immune system can resolve the infection on its own. However, if the infection is caused by bacteria, treatment with appropriate antibiotics under a doctor's guidance is necessary.

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What to do if fever persists in acute upper respiratory tract infection

For persistent fever due to acute upper respiratory tract infection, relief can be achieved by rehydrating, gargling with warm water, wiping the body with lukewarm water, soaking the feet in hot water, and using medication. Acute upper respiratory tract infection may be accompanied by sore throat and pharyngeal discomfort. Gargling with warm saline solution can alleviate sore throat and pharyngeal inflammation, reduce discomfort, and help eliminate viruses from the mouth and throat.

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Causes of bacterial infection in acute upper respiratory tract infections

Bacterial acute upper respiratory tract infections are primarily characterized by local and other associated symptoms. Nasal symptoms may include sneezing, nasal congestion, and watery nasal discharge. Patients may also experience cough, dry throat, throat irritation, and burning pain. Sneezing, nasal congestion, and runny nose typically appear at the onset of illness or within a few hours, with nasal discharge becoming more severe after 2–3 days.