What causes trisomy 21 syndrome?
Oct 16, 2022
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Xie Zixing
Introduction
The occurrence of trisomy 21 syndrome is related to maternal age. In older pregnant women, chromosomal abnormalities in the oocytes can lead to trisomy 21 syndrome. These abnormal chromosomes can be directly inherited, resulting in offspring with trisomy 21 syndrome. Other contributing factors include miscarriage, exposure to strong radiation during pregnancy, inadvertent use of teratogenic drugs, severe viral infections, or chemical pollution.
The causes of trisomy 21 syndrome include maternal age, genetic factors, and other influences. Regular prenatal checkups are necessary during pregnancy to screen for fetal abnormalities. Details are as follows:
1. Maternal Age
Advanced maternal age increases the risk of trisomy 21 syndrome. When a woman conceives at an older age, her eggs may have aged, affecting egg quality. This can lead to abnormal division of the two chromosome 21 pairs from the mother, failing to separate properly during cell division. Combined with one chromosome 21 from the father, this results in trisomy 21 syndrome.
2. Genetics
Some parents carry abnormal chromosomes without showing symptoms themselves, but these chromosomal abnormalities can be directly inherited. If no screening is performed during pregnancy, their children may be born with trisomy 21 syndrome.
3. Other Factors
Frequent miscarriages in a short period can damage the uterus and other reproductive organs. Additionally, exposure to strong radiation, accidental intake of teratogenic drugs, severe viral infections, or chemical contamination during pregnancy may also lead to trisomy 21 syndrome. After becoming pregnant, it's important to follow medical advice and undergo necessary prenatal examinations. If any abnormalities are detected, timely and appropriate interventions should be taken to avoid negative impacts on healthy conception and childbirth.
