What does liver and kidney biochemical examination mean?
Nov 24, 2022
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Yang Shuwen
Introduction
Liver and kidney biochemistry refers to tests evaluating liver and kidney function. Liver biochemical markers include alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), bilirubin, albumin, etc. During the recovery phase of acute hepatitis, gamma-glutamyl transferase levels are normal; persistent elevation of gamma-glutamyl transferase indicates chronic progression of hepatitis.
Liver and kidney biochemistry refers to tests evaluating liver and kidney function. Liver biochemical markers include alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), among others.
1. Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT)
The concentration of ALT within liver cells is 1000 to 3000 times higher than in serum, and about 100 times higher in blood. ALT is the most sensitive indicator of liver damage. When liver cells are injured, large amounts of ALT are released into the bloodstream.
2. Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST)
AST is primarily found in cardiac muscle cells, and to a lesser extent in hepatocytes. Therefore, AST activity also increases when the liver is damaged.
3. Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase (GGT)
GGT levels increase to varying degrees in all liver and biliary tract diseases. In internal medicine examinations, biochemical testing is an important diagnostic tool that reflects liver and kidney function, as well as electrolyte imbalances in patients. Biochemical tests can also detect diabetes through fasting blood glucose measurements. Thus, biochemical testing evaluates the function of most human organs and serves as a crucial fundamental assessment.
During the recovery phase of acute hepatitis, GGT levels return to normal. Persistent elevation of GGT suggests chronic progression of hepatitis.
