What diseases can be detected through biochemical tests?
Dec 17, 2024
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Yang Ziqi
Introduction
Biochemical tests are usually used for the preliminary diagnosis of diseases such as hyperlipidemia, diabetes, electrolyte imbalance, drug-induced liver injury, and myocardial infarction. These conditions are primarily assessed based on indicators such as cholesterol, glycated hemoglobin, blood glucose, sodium, potassium, and calcium levels. If abnormalities are detected, further examinations should be promptly conducted under a doctor's guidance to enable timely, targeted treatment.
Generally, biochemical tests can be used for the preliminary diagnosis of diseases such as hyperlipidemia, diabetes, electrolyte imbalance, drug-induced liver injury, and myocardial infarction. If discomfort occurs, timely medical consultation is recommended. Detailed analysis is as follows:
1. Hyperlipidemia
Hyperlipidemia is usually associated with factors such as high-fat or high-calorie diets and lack of physical activity. These factors can affect the body's metabolism, leading to excessive fat accumulation and causing symptoms such as dizziness and fatigue. Biochemical tests may show elevated levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
2. Diabetes
Diabetes may be related to factors such as high-sugar diets and genetic predisposition. It is characterized by symptoms including frequent urination, increased thirst, increased appetite, and weight loss. Biochemical testing may reveal significantly elevated blood glucose levels, as well as increased levels of glycated hemoglobin and fructosamine.
3. Electrolyte Imbalance
Electrolyte imbalance is caused by excessive fluid loss due to severe or frequent vomiting and diarrhea. Patients may experience symptoms such as fatigue, seizures, and arrhythmias. Testing may show decreased levels of sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium.
4. Drug-Induced Liver Injury
Drug-induced liver injury is usually related to drug side effects. Long-term improper medication use may damage liver function and hepatocytes. Biochemical tests may reveal elevated levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin, and other indicators. Patients may experience symptoms such as jaundice, fatigue, and loss of appetite.
5. Myocardial Infarction
Myocardial infarction is usually associated with factors such as infections and drug side effects. As the condition worsens, the extent and severity of myocardial damage increase, and patients may frequently experience chest pain and palpitations. Biochemical tests may reveal elevated cardiac enzyme profiles, such as increased creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) and cardiac troponin I or T levels.
If abnormalities are detected through biochemical testing, timely follow-up examinations should be conducted under a doctor's guidance to enable targeted treatment based on the underlying cause. Additionally, regular reexaminations should be performed during treatment to monitor disease progression and recovery status.
