Why does bleeding occur after receiving heparin?

Nov 25, 2022 Source: Cainiu Health

Dr. Yang Shuwen

Introduction

Due to genetic or acquired factors, persistent bleeding may occur; therefore, bleeding continues even during heparin administration. Heparin delays blood coagulation, and if administered in excessive amounts, it can lead to spontaneous bleeding, resulting in prolonged bleeding at the heparin injection site. After receiving a heparin injection, if the puncture site continues to bleed, improper pressure application may also contribute to ongoing bleeding from the needle site.

Heparin is a common anticoagulant that can delay or inhibit blood coagulation in vivo or in vitro. Persistent bleeding after receiving heparin injection may be caused by coagulation disorders, improper medication use, incorrect compression techniques, or other reasons.

1. Coagulation Disorders

These are generally caused by genetic or acquired factors. After procedures such as tooth extraction, minor surgeries, or injections, prolonged bleeding often occurs; therefore, bleeding may also persist after heparin injection. Common treatments include supplementing clotting factors, using fresh plasma or desmopressin acetate injection. Additionally, applying ice packs and bandage pressure can help stop bleeding until it completely resolves.

2. Improper Medication Use

Heparin delays blood coagulation. If too much is administered, spontaneous bleeding may occur, leading to persistent bleeding at the injection site. Early signs of overdose include mucosal damage and bleeding from wounds or injection sites, while severe cases may result in internal hemorrhage. However, since heparin is rapidly metabolized, mild overdoses can be resolved simply by discontinuing the drug. In cases of severe symptoms, intravenous administration of protamine sulfate injection can neutralize heparin's effects and alleviate bleeding at the injection site.

3. Incorrect Compression Technique

Persistent bleeding at the injection site after heparin administration may also result from inadequate compression. After receiving heparin, the injection site should be compressed for 15 to 20 minutes. It is important to press with the thumb so that the skin is depressed approximately 1 cm, avoiding rubbing or applying heat to the injection site.

In addition, pregnant patients may experience bleeding due to placental-related factors.

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Heparin injection arm needle video tutorial

In general, heparin is usually administered subcutaneously on the arm. The drug then enters the bloodstream and acts on the affected area, alleviating symptoms and achieving therapeutic effects. The injection site is typically located at the lower edge of the deltoid muscle in the upper arm. Use iodophor to disinfect the injection site locally. Before injection, expel all air from the syringe.

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What causes bruising on the legs after injecting heparin, and what should be done about it?

In general, bruising on the legs after heparin injection may result from improper injection technique, thrombocytopenia, or adverse drug reactions, and symptomatic management should be based on specific circumstances. It is important to note that if bruising is severe or accompanied by other symptoms, medical consultation is recommended for evaluation to prevent potential harm to health. If the injection site is not clean or the needle is inserted too deeply.

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Can I take the missed heparin dose in the afternoon if I forgot to take it in the morning?

Generally, if a morning dose of heparin is missed, it should not be administered later in the afternoon. Heparin is an anticoagulant commonly used to prevent blood clot formation. It is usually injected at fixed times each day, and consistent intervals between injections are important to maintain its effectiveness. Administering heparin in the afternoon as a补dose may increase the risk of bleeding, as it could impair normal blood clotting function and elevate the likelihood of hemorrhage.