What is the liquid used for catheter flushing with indwelling needles?

Apr 16, 2023 Source: Cainiu Health

Dr. Li Feng

Introduction

The solutions commonly used for catheter flushing of indwelling needles are heparin sodium saline, normal saline, and catheter maintenance solution. Heparin sodium saline is prepared by combining heparin sodium with normal saline. Normal saline consists of sodium chloride. The maintenance solution contains sodium citrate, citric acid, and anhydrous glucose. These flushing solutions are typically injected through the indwelling needle to prevent catheter occlusion and maintain intravenous patency.

The common solutions used for catheter flushing with indwelling needles are heparin sodium saline, normal saline, and preservative solution. The details are as follows:

1. Heparin Sodium Saline

Heparin sodium saline is typically prepared by combining heparin sodium with a certain amount of normal saline, and it can be used after each administration of medication or blood sampling.

2. Normal Saline

Normal saline's main component is sodium chloride. It is a colorless, clear liquid, commonly used for rinsing the eyes, wounds, and during surgical procedures.

3. Preservative Solution

Preservative solution is an anticoagulant drug used in blood banks for blood preservation, composed of sodium citrate, citric acid, and anhydrous glucose.

Injecting these flushing solutions through indwelling needles is generally intended to prevent blockage of the intravenous catheter and maintain smooth fluid delivery.

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Steps for inserting and withdrawing a single-handed indwelling needle

Under normal circumstances, an indwelling needle is a relatively soft intravenous infusion device that can reduce the pain of repeated venipuncture and alleviate fear of injections. A suitable blood vessel should be selected—typically one that is relatively thick, straight, has good blood flow, and good elasticity. A tourniquet is applied approximately 10 cm above the puncture site, and the skin at the puncture site is disinfected with a rotating motion, covering an area of approximately 8 cm × 8 cm.

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What class of medical device does an indwelling needle belong to?

Generally speaking, indwelling needles belong to Class III medical devices. The most widely used type in clinical practice is the disposable venous indwelling needle, which is simpler to operate and reduces patient pain compared to traditional intravenous infusion needles. The introduction of indwelling needles has solved clinical challenges related to patients with poor vascular conditions and those requiring intermittent intravenous infusions over a period of time.

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How to use an indwelling needle on the second day

Before using the indwelling catheter on the second day, first examine the condition of the catheter, disinfect the connection site, then attach the infusion tubing to the end of the indwelling catheter. Observe whether the fluid flows properly. If not, consider the possibility of catheter occlusion. For mild blockage, flush with normal saline; for severe blockage, consider replacing the indwelling catheter.

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Why is the indwelling needle inserted one day earlier?

An indwelling needle usually refers to an intravenous (IV) indwelling catheter. Under normal circumstances, placing the IV indwelling needle one day prior to the procedure may be due to reasons such as reducing patient discomfort, preoperative laboratory tests, surgical preparation, venous access preparation, and intraoperative medication administration. Specific details are as follows: It should be noted that the exact timing of catheter placement may vary depending on hospital regulations, type of surgery, and individual patient conditions.