What causes scalp pain?

Generally, scalp pain may be caused by physiological factors, medication-related factors, and pathological factors, such as trauma, infection, or neurological and psychiatric conditions. A detailed analysis is as follows:

1. Physiological Factors

Lack of sleep, noisy environments, or exposure to foul odors can all lead to scalp pain. Sleep deprivation may cause blood vessel constriction, resulting in scalp discomfort. Noisy surroundings or unpleasant smells can stimulate the central nervous system, leading to emotionally induced scalp pain.

2. Medication-Related Factors

Long-term use of hormones, immunosuppressive drugs, and similar medications may lead to pathogen infections on the scalp surface, causing pain. Overuse of medications such as ergotamine can also result in scalp discomfort.

3. Pathological Factors

a. Trauma

Injuries such as scalp lacerations, skull fractures, or traumatic brain injury can cause scalp pain. Patients should seek prompt medical attention and may require surgical treatment.

b. Infection

Infections of the scalp by microorganisms—such as tinea capitis (scalp ringworm), carbuncles, or folliculitis—can lead to localized inflammation, swelling, and pain.

c. Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders

Conditions such as trigeminal neuralgia, cervical spondylosis, and vascular nerve tension can also cause scalp pain. Patients should receive medical evaluation and treatment for the underlying condition.

There are many potential causes of scalp pain. In addition to the above factors, cervical spondylosis may also be responsible. If scalp pain is severe or persistent, timely medical consultation, examination, and treatment are necessary.