What are the staging criteria for chronic kidney disease?
Apr 21, 2023
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Zhao Xinju
Introduction
In general, the staging of chronic kidney disease is primarily determined by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and is classified into stages 1 to 5. When chronic kidney disease is present, accurate staging should be based on specific symptoms, allowing for appropriate symptomatic treatment. It is important to adopt reasonable methods to control the disease and prevent rapid progression. Patients experiencing discomfort should seek medical evaluation and treatment at a hospital as soon as possible.
Generally, the staging criteria for chronic kidney disease are primarily determined by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), divided into stages 1 to 5. The specific details are as follows:
1. Stage 1 Chronic Kidney Disease
In this stage, a patient's glomerular filtration rate is typically greater than 90 mL/min, indicating normal kidney function. However, proteinuria, hematuria, or structural and functional abnormalities of the kidneys may already be present.
2. Stage 2 Chronic Kidney Disease
In some patients, the glomerular filtration rate ranges between 60–89 mL/min, indicating mild reduction in kidney function. Patients may begin to experience symptoms and should seek medical attention promptly.
3. Stage 3 Chronic Kidney Disease
The glomerular filtration rate falls between 30–59 mL/min, indicating moderate decline in kidney function. Regardless of whether other manifestations of kidney disease are present, this stage is diagnosed as chronic kidney disease stage 3. Symptoms such as anemia, fatigue, and foamy urine may appear.
4. Stage 4 Chronic Kidney Disease
When the glomerular filtration rate drops to 15–29 mL/min, it indicates severe decline in kidney function. Symptoms may include shortness of breath, nausea, and loss of appetite. Dialysis or kidney transplantation is often required at this stage.
5. Stage 5 Chronic Kidney Disease
If the glomerular filtration rate is less than 15 mL/min, it indicates kidney failure, where the kidneys can no longer effectively filter waste. Prompt initiation of dialysis or kidney transplantation is necessary to improve quality of life.
When managing chronic kidney disease, accurate staging should be determined based on specific symptoms, followed by appropriate symptomatic treatments. Employing proper strategies to control the disease is essential to prevent rapid progression.
