What is the antigen recognition receptor of B cells?

Under normal circumstances, the antigen recognition receptor of B cells is the B cell receptor, a membrane-bound immunoglobulin molecule that participates in the normal functions of the cell. A detailed analysis is as follows:

The B cell receptor primarily consists of two parts: the variable region and the constant region. The variable region is composed of heavy and light chains, capable of recognizing and binding to different antigen molecules, thereby initiating the B cell immune response. When an antigen binds to the variable region of the B cell receptor, the B cell becomes activated and begins to differentiate into plasma cells, producing large quantities of antibodies to combat various invading pathogens. The constant region of the B cell receptor binds to signaling molecules on the cell membrane and plays a role in regulating normal B cell functions such as growth, differentiation, and immune responses. Therefore, the B cell antigen receptor can transmit signals for both cell proliferation and apoptosis. Abnormalities in cell proliferation and apoptosis may lead to defects in humoral immune responses or autoimmune regulation, potentially triggering various autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus.

If patients experience any abnormal physical symptoms in daily life, they should promptly visit a hospital to complete relevant examinations and cooperate with doctors for targeted treatment. It is also advisable to consume nutrient-rich foods regularly and engage in appropriate outdoor exercise to help strengthen overall physical health.