What is pigmented birthmark café-au-lait spot, and what should be done about it?
Aug 04, 2023
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Liu Wan
Introduction
Café-au-lait spots, a type of pigmented birthmark, may be caused by genetic factors, hormonal changes, ultraviolet exposure, medication use, or neurofibromatosis, and targeted treatments are recommended. Certain gene mutations can lead to pigment deposition, resulting in café-au-lait spots. Although genetic factors cannot be altered, the appearance of these spots can be reduced through other methods.
Generally, pigmented birthmarks such as café-au-lait spots may be caused by factors including genetic predisposition, hormonal changes, ultraviolet exposure, medication use, or neurofibromatosis. Targeted management is recommended. Specific causes are analyzed as follows:
1. Genetic Factors
Certain gene mutations may lead to pigment deposition and result in café-au-lait spots. Although genetic factors cannot be altered, other methods can help reduce the appearance of these spots.
2. Hormonal Changes
Fluctuations in hormone levels, such as during pregnancy or puberty, may trigger pigment deposition. It is advisable to improve physical health and maintain overall well-being to avoid dramatic hormonal fluctuations.
3. Ultraviolet Exposure
Prolonged sun exposure, especially without sunscreen, may lead to pigment deposition. It is important to avoid extended sunlight exposure and to use sunscreen and wear sun-protective hats.
4. Medication Use
Certain medications, such as antiepileptic drugs and antidepressants, may cause pigment deposition. Consult a doctor before using these medications, understand potential side effects, and discontinue use when necessary under medical guidance.
5. Neurofibromatosis
Neurofibromas are typically associated with long-term smoking or exposure to chemical irritants. As gene mutations occur in subcutaneous soft tissues, café-au-lait spots may develop. Timely treatments such as radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or targeted therapy may be required.
In addition, pigmented birthmarks are common skin conditions. Treatment options include laser therapy, cryotherapy, surgical excision, and topical or systemic medication. Prior to treatment, patients should consult a qualified physician and receive appropriate psychological support.
