What to do if the NT scan shows a single umbilical artery

Under normal circumstances, when a single umbilical artery is detected during an NT scan, it is important to understand the condition of the single umbilical artery, examine other fetal structures, receive genetic counseling, monitor fetal growth and development, and conduct comprehensive evaluation and decision-making. The specific analysis is as follows:

1. Understanding Single Umbilical Artery: NT screening is a method that uses ultrasound to measure the thickness of fluid under the skin at the back of the fetal neck, commonly used for screening chromosomal abnormalities and other genetic disorders. A single umbilical artery is a congenital anomaly occurring during fetal development, in which the umbilical cord contains only one artery instead of the normal two arteries and one vein. The incidence of single umbilical artery is approximately 0.5–1%. In most cases, it does not cause complications, but in some instances, it may be associated with other structural malformations or chromosomal abnormalities.

2. Examination of Other Fetal Structures: If a single umbilical artery is identified in the fetus, further detailed ultrasound examinations are recommended to evaluate the development of other fetal organs and anatomical structures. This allows for a more comprehensive assessment of the overall fetal health and helps rule out other potential abnormalities.

3. Genetic Counseling: Pregnant women diagnosed with a single umbilical artery should be referred for genetic counseling to understand the genetic risks for the fetus. Genetic specialists can assess family history and other relevant factors, provide information regarding possible genetic abnormalities, and offer appropriate recommendations and management options.

4. Monitoring Fetal Growth and Development: For fetuses with a single umbilical artery, doctors may recommend regular ultrasound scans to monitor fetal growth and development. This facilitates early detection of any complications and allows timely interventions to ensure optimal fetal health.

5. Comprehensive Evaluation and Decision-Making: Parents should have thorough discussions with their healthcare providers to fully understand the specific situation and potential risks. By integrating medical advice, results from genetic counseling, and personal family preferences, they can make informed decisions and choose the most suitable management plan for themselves and their baby.

It is also recommended to maintain a positive mindset, and family members should provide adequate emotional support to the pregnant woman.