Kawasaki Disease Symptoms
Dec 25, 2020
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Guo Xiheng
Introduction
Kawasaki Disease Symptoms:
1. Persistent fever—the hallmark symptom is prolonged fever, with body temperature exceeding 39°C for more than five days.
2. Cardiac involvement—in severe cases, symptoms such as rash and fever may begin to subside around ten days after onset; however, cardiac complications (e.g., coronary artery aneurysms, myocarditis) may develop.
3. Systemic manifestations—patients may also present with arthritis, abdominal pain, diarrhea, otitis media, pneumonia, and other systemic symptoms.
Mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome, also known as Kawasaki disease, is an acute febrile exanthematous illness primarily affecting young children, characterized by systemic vasculitis. It most commonly occurs in infants and children under five years of age, with a higher incidence in males than females; cases in adults and infants younger than three months are rare. So, what are the symptoms of Kawasaki disease? Below is an overview.
Symptoms of Kawasaki Disease
1. Persistent Fever
The hallmark symptom is persistent high-grade fever (≥39°C) lasting for more than five days, unresponsive to antibiotic therapy. Within one to four days after onset of fever, a red maculopapular rash may appear—particularly in the perineal region—and may be accompanied by pruritus. Approximately one week later, fingernails or toenails may become pale, while palms and soles exhibit erythema, with skin appearing firm and taut.
2. Cardiac Involvement
In severe cases, cutaneous rash and fever typically begin to subside around day 10, but cardiac complications may emerge concurrently—including acute myocarditis, arrhythmias, and endocarditis. Patients may present with pallor, fatigue, and chest tightness.
3. Systemic Manifestations
Additional manifestations may include arthritis, abdominal pain, diarrhea, otitis media, and pneumonia. Disease course varies among patients and is generally divided into four phases: acute febrile phase, subacute phase, convalescent phase, and chronic phase. Without timely treatment, cardiac complications may develop, potentially leading to serious consequences.
4. Changes in the Lips and Oral Mucosa
During illness, the lips and tongue become markedly erythematous and fissured. The dorsal surface of the tongue develops prominent, raised papillae, giving rise to the classic “strawberry tongue” appearance.
The above outlines the key clinical features of Kawasaki disease. We hope this information proves helpful.
