What causes an embryo to fail to develop?

Generally speaking, failure of embryonic development may be related to environmental factors, chromosomal abnormalities, maternal infections, uterine abnormalities, endometriosis, and other causes. If abnormal embryonic development occurs, it is important to seek timely medical evaluation and relevant examinations to identify the underlying cause. Specific analyses are as follows:

1. Environmental Factors

If a pregnant woman is exposed long-term to severely polluted environments or frequently comes into contact with toxic chemicals or radioactive substances, it may lead to fetal malformations or even embryonic arrest. It is recommended that patients promptly change their living environment and avoid exposure to harmful substances.

2. Chromosomal Abnormalities

Chromosomal abnormalities are one of the primary causes of poor embryonic development. Abnormal chromosomes in the embryo can result in delayed or arrested development. Trisomy 13 is a relatively common chromosomal abnormality that can cause intellectual disability, congenital heart defects, and other serious problems. This condition typically cannot be treated, and termination of pregnancy is usually advised.

3. Maternal Infection

Severe intrauterine infections in women can produce inflammatory metabolic byproducts that may irritate the embryo and impair its development. It is recommended to undergo anti-infective treatment and fetal preservation therapy under the guidance of a qualified physician; pregnancy termination may be necessary when indicated.

4. Uterine Abnormalities

If a woman has an abnormally shaped uterus—such as a unicornuate uterus or septate uterus—the limited uterine volume or reduced myometrial blood supply may restrict embryonic growth after conception, leading to intrauterine growth restriction or developmental arrest. Most such conditions cannot be effectively treated.

5. Endometriosis

Endometriosis refers to the growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterus. It may cause symptoms such as pelvic pain, menstrual irregularities, and infertility. It can also damage the endometrium, thereby affecting embryo implantation and development. Patients may be treated with medications such as danazol capsules, gestrinone capsules, or dienogest tablets under medical supervision.

In addition, failed embryonic development may also be associated with maternal pregnancy-induced hypertension or insufficient progesterone secretion. It is recommended that both partners undergo preconception health screenings before pregnancy. If no medical issues are identified, normal preparation for pregnancy can proceed. During this period, maintaining a positive mindset, engaging in moderate exercise, and following a light, balanced diet are advised.