What does the three-panel thyroid antibody test include?

Feb 27, 2023 Source: Cainiu Health

Dr. Zhang Renling

Introduction

The three thyroid antibodies typically include anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody, anti-thyroglobulin antibody, and thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor antibody. Measuring anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody is primarily used as an auxiliary tool for diagnosing chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, hyperthyroidism, and primary hypothyroidism, as well as for evaluating treatment efficacy.

　　The three thyroid antibodies typically include thyroid peroxidase antibody, thyroglobulin antibody, and thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor antibody. The specific details are as follows:

　　1. Thyroid Peroxidase Antibody (TPOAb)

　　Measuring anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies plays an auxiliary role in the diagnosis and assessment of treatment efficacy for conditions such as chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, hyperthyroidism, and primary hypothyroidism.

　　2. Thyroglobulin Antibody (TgAb)

　　Thyroglobulin antibody is an antibody produced against thyroglobulin. In healthy individuals, the level of thyroglobulin antibody in the blood is very low or undetectable; however, its concentration increases when autoimmune thyroid diseases occur.

　　3. Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Receptor Antibody (TRAb)

　　Thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor antibodies directly act on the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptors located on cell membranes. Testing for TRAb helps evaluate thyroid function. The normal value for TRAb should be less than 15 U/L. An elevated level indicates reduced hormone secretion by the thyroid gland and may lead to hypothyroidism. Conversely, a decreased level of TRAb suggests the patient may have hyperthyroidism.

　　Note: Before undergoing the three thyroid antibody tests, patients should maintain a light diet and avoid spicy, greasy, or stimulating foods to prevent interference with test results.

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