What causes ankle joint swelling, and what should be done about it?
Sep 22, 2023
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Wang Jianjun
Introduction
In general, ankle edema may occur due to external trauma causing damage to local soft tissues, leading to swelling. If the patient already has synovitis, the inflammation may stimulate the synovial membrane to secrete fluid, resulting in ankle edema. Different causes require different treatments, and patients are advised to seek medical attention at a hospital as early as possible.
Ankle joint edema is generally caused by factors such as trauma, synovitis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, or fractures. Different causes require different management approaches. Specific analyses are as follows:
1. Trauma
If the ankle joint suffers external impact, local soft tissues may be damaged and blood vessels may rupture, leading to bleeding and subsequent swelling. Patients should rest adequately and may apply warm compresses with a hot towel to the affected area to promote blood circulation and help reduce edema. If necessary, medications such as Aescin tablets or Shujin Huoxue tablets may be used under medical supervision.
2. Synovitis
In patients with pre-existing synovitis, inflammation can stimulate the synovial membrane to secrete excess fluid, resulting in ankle joint swelling. Patients should rest and avoid strenuous physical activity. Additionally, medications such as Celecoxib capsules or Ibuprofen sustained-release tablets may be used under a doctor's guidance.
3. Rheumatoid Arthritis
In patients with rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory processes may invade the synovial tissue, causing blood vessel rupture and bleeding, thereby leading to the aforementioned symptoms. Treatment may include medications such as Diclofenac Sodium sustained-release tablets or Methylprednisolone tablets under medical supervision. Joint functional exercises may also be performed as directed by a physician.
4. Gout
In patients with gout, urate crystals adhere to, deposit in, and irritate the joints and surrounding soft tissues, triggering joint inflammation and resulting in ankle edema. Patients should elevate the affected limb, immobilize the joint, minimize activity, and apply ice packs to the joint for 10–15 minutes per session, 3–4 times daily. Under medical guidance, medications such as Colchicine tablets, Diclofenac Diethylamine gel, or Ibuprofen sustained-release capsules may be used to alleviate swelling and pain.
5. Fracture
Ankle edema following a fracture commonly results from soft tissue injury around the fracture site and impaired local blood circulation. In the early stages of fracture, external fixation may be applied to maintain stability. Oral medications that promote blood circulation and resolve stasis and swelling may be administered to improve circulation. Under medical supervision, patients may use topical medications such as Qingpeng Ointment or Sanqi Injury Pills.
Patients are advised to seek timely medical attention when experiencing discomfort and to undergo standardized treatment under professional guidance to facilitate recovery.
