What causes ovarian pain on one side after embryo transfer, and what should be done about it?

Generally speaking, one-sided ovarian pain after embryo transfer may be caused by normal physiological changes, medication side effects, ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS), pelvic inflammatory disease, ectopic pregnancy, or other factors. If the pain persists for a prolonged period, patients are advised to seek timely medical evaluation and treatment. Specific causes are analyzed as follows:

1. Normal Phenomenon

After successful embryo transfer, some women with sensitive constitutions may experience mild pulling or tugging pain during embryo implantation. Additionally, during embryonic development, congestion in the uterine tissues may also lead to discomfort or pain in the ovarian area. These symptoms are considered normal and typically do not require special treatment.

2. Medication Side Effects

During in vitro fertilization (IVF) procedures, medications such as progesterone are often injected into the uterus. These drugs may irritate the endometrial lining and cause abdominal pain. In such cases, patients should consult their physician about possibly discontinuing the medication, after which symptoms usually improve gradually.

3. Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome (OHSS)

Ovulation-inducing drugs can stimulate the ovaries and lead to iatrogenic complications. This may increase capillary permeability in the left ovary, causing fluid to leak from blood vessels into surrounding tissues, resulting in abdominal pain, bloating, and other discomforts. Patients may be prescribed medications such as vitamin B6 tablets, enteric-coated aspirin, or dexamethasone tablets according to medical advice for management.

4. Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

If the left ovary or surrounding tissues are injured during embryo transfer, sterile inflammation may occur. Inflammatory factors can then irritate the abdominal cavity and cause pain. Drinking warm water may help promote the metabolism of inflammatory substances. Antibiotics such as cefuroxime axetil tablets or amoxicillin capsules may be prescribed by a doctor for treatment.

5. Ectopic Pregnancy

If the embryo implants outside the uterine cavity—such as in the left fallopian tube or ovary—after embryo transfer, it may stimulate these areas and cause abdominal pain. In such cases, patients should follow medical guidance to terminate the pregnancy as early as possible via laparoscopic surgery or other methods, to prevent rupture of the implantation site and life-threatening hemorrhage due to continued embryonic growth.

In addition, unilateral ovarian pain after embryo transfer could also be caused by ovarian cysts. Before the exact cause is identified, patients are advised to seek prompt medical attention and receive appropriate treatment. Women should also maintain a light diet after embryo transfer and avoid consuming overly spicy or irritating foods.