How is a colposcopy performed?
Oct 24, 2023
Source: Cainiu Health
Dr. Zhao Xiaodong
Introduction
Colposcopy primarily examines the cervix and vagina to check for polyps, erosion, or masses. Note that if a colposcopy is required, you should follow your doctor's instructions and make necessary preparations before the procedure. If abnormal symptoms such as vaginal bleeding, unusual discharge, or fever occur after the colposcopy, you should promptly return to the hospital for reevaluation or consult your doctor.
Colposcopy is primarily used to examine the cervix and vagina for the presence of polyps, erosion, or masses. The specific procedure is as follows:
1. The patient lies on the examination table in the lithotomy position. The doctor inserts the colposcope into the vagina to fully expose the cervix, gently wipes away cervical secretions with a saline-soaked swab, and visually examines the surface of the cervix.
2. Move the colposcope to a distance of 15–20 cm from the vaginal opening, aim it at the affected area, turn on the light source, adjust the focus to obtain a clear image, and capture photographic documentation.
3. Apply a 3%–5% acetic acid solution using a cotton ball to moisten the cervical surface for one minute. Cells with increased nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratios in both normal and abnormal tissues will temporarily turn white, while the surrounding normal squamous epithelium remains its original pink color.
4. Perform a biopsy on areas showing abnormal images or suspected lesions, and send the tissue samples for pathological examination.
5. After completing the examination, disinfect the vagina and cervix again. If bleeding occurs at the sampling site, apply appropriate hemostatic treatment. Then remove the colposcope and assist the patient in dressing.
Note: If a colposcopy is required, follow your doctor’s instructions and prepare adequately before the examination. If any abnormal symptoms occur after the procedure—such as vaginal bleeding, unusual discharge, fever, etc.—seek timely medical review or consult your physician.
