How to interpret the results of a semen analysis report

Oct 25, 2023 Source: Cainiu Health

Dr. Zhao Xiaodong

Introduction

The results of a semen analysis can be evaluated in terms of sperm concentration, sperm motility, and sperm morphology. Sperm concentration indicates the number of sperm present in one milliliter of semen. A normal sperm concentration is typically ≥20 million/mL. If sperm concentration falls below the normal range, it may affect fertility, as a lower sperm count could reduce the chances of fertilization.

Sperm analysis results can be evaluated from three aspects: sperm concentration, sperm motility, and sperm morphology. The specific analysis is as follows:

1. Sperm concentration: Sperm concentration indicates the number of sperm present in one milliliter of semen. A normal sperm concentration is typically ≥20 million/mL. If sperm concentration falls below the normal range, it may affect fertility, as a lower sperm count could reduce the chances of fertilization.

2. Sperm motility: Sperm motility refers to the swimming ability and speed of sperm. Sperm with higher motility are better able to reach the egg, thereby increasing the chance of conception. Motility is generally classified into four grades: a, b, c, and d. Grade a indicates rapid progressive movement; grade b indicates slow or sluggish progressive movement; grade c indicates non-progressive movement; and grade d indicates immotile sperm. A high proportion of rapidly progressive sperm is generally considered beneficial for conception.

3. Sperm morphology: Sperm morphology evaluates the appearance and shape of sperm. Normally shaped sperm typically have a properly proportioned head and tail with a normal overall appearance. Abnormally shaped sperm may indicate underlying issues that could impair fertility. Reports usually provide the percentage of normally shaped sperm. When the percentage of normal forms is below 15%, teratozoospermia (abnormal sperm morphology) should be considered.

Sperm analysis results should be interpreted by a qualified physician, as interpreting these results requires consideration of multiple factors and integration with other clinical information for proper assessment.

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